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ASTM C1074-2010a 成熟度法估计混凝土强度的标准实施规程

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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEstimatingConcreteStrengthbytheMaturityMethod
【原文标准名称】:成熟度法估计混凝土强度的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMC1074-2010a
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C09.64
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:现场强度;成熟度法;无损检测;温度
【英文主题词】:in-placestrength;maturitymethod;nondestructivetesting;temperature
【摘要】:Thispracticecanbeusedtoestimatethein-placestrengthofconcretetoallowthestartofcriticalconstructionactivitiessuchas:(1)removalofformworkandreshoring;(2)post-tensioningoftendons;(3)terminationofcoldweatherprotection;and(4)openingofroadwaystotraffic.Thispracticecanbeusedtoestimatestrengthoflaboratoryspecimenscuredundernon-standardtemperatureconditions.Themajorlimitationsofthematuritymethodare:(1)theconcretemustbemaintainedinaconditionthatpermitscementhydration;(2)themethoddoesnottakeintoaccounttheeffectsofearly-ageconcretetemperatureonthelong-termstrength;and(3)themethodneedstobesupplementedbyotherindicationsofthepotentialstrengthoftheconcretemixture.Theaccuracyoftheestimatedstrengthdepends,inpart,onusingtheappropriatematurityfunctionfortheparticularconcretemixture.AnnexA1providesaprocedurefordeterminingexperimentallythebestparameters(datumtemperatureorvalueofQ)forthematurityfunctionsdescribedinSection6.1.1Thispracticeprovidesaprocedureforestimatingconcretestrengthbymeansofthematuritymethod.Thematurityindexisexpressedeitherintermsofthetemperature-timefactororintermsoftheequivalentageataspecifiedtemperature.1.2Thispracticerequiresestablishingthestrength-maturityrelationshipoftheconcretemixtureinthelaboratoryandrecordingthetemperaturehistoryoftheconcreteforwhichstrengthistobeestimated.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.(WarningFreshhydrauliccementitiousmixturesarecausticandmaycausechemicalburnstoskinandtissueuponprolongedexposure.)
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_30
【页数】:10P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofIndividualComponentsinSparkIgnitionEngineFuelsby1000150;MetreCapillary(withPrecolumn)High-ResolutionGasChromatography
【原文标准名称】:用100米毛细管(柱前)高分辨率气相色谱法测定火花点火发动机燃料中各成分的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6730-2001(2006)e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.04.0L
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:汽油;试验方法;机动车燃料;气相色谱法
【英文主题词】:detailedhydrocarbonanalysis;DHA;gaschromotography;hydrocarbons;opentubularcolumn;oxygenates;PIONA;PONA
【摘要】:Knowledgeoftheindividualcomponentcomposition(speciation)ofgasolinefuelsandblendingstocksisusefulforrefineryqualitycontrolandproductspecification.Processcontrolandproductspecificationcomplianceformanyindividualhydrocarbonscanbedeterminedthroughtheuseofthistestmethod.Thistestmethodisadoptedfromearlierdevelopmentandenhancement.4,5,6,7Thechromatographicoperatingconditionsandcolumntuningprocess,includedinthistestmethod,weredevelopedtoprovideandenhancetheseparationandsubsequentdeterminationofmanyindividualcomponentsnotobtainedwithprevioussingle-columnanalyses.Thecolumntemperatureprogramprofileisselectedtoaffordthemaximumresolutionofpossibleco-elutingcomponents,especiallywheretheseareoftwodifferentcompoundtypes(forexample,aparaffinandanaphthene).Althoughamajorityoftheindividualhydrocarbonspresentinpetroleumdistillatesaredetermined,someco-elutionofcompoundsisencountered.Ifthistestmethodisutilizedtodeterminebulkhydrocarbongroup-typecomposition(PONA),theuserofsuchdatashouldbecautionedthatsomeerrorwillbeencounteredduetoco-elutionandalackofidentificationofallcomponentspresent.Samplescontainingsignificantamountsofolefinicornaphthenic,orboth,constituentsaboveoctanemayreflectsignificanterrorsinPONA-typegroupings.Ifwaterisorissuspectedofbeingpresent,itsconcentrationisdeterminedbytheuseofTestMethodD1744.Othercompoundscontainingoxygen,sulfur,nitrogen,andsoforthmayalsobepresent,andmayco-elutewiththehydrocarbons.Whenknownco-elutionexists,thesearenotedinthetestmethoddatatables.Ifdeterminationofthesespecificcompoundsisrequired,itisrecommendedthattestmethodsforthesespecificmaterialsbeused,suchasTestMethodD4815andD5599foroxygenates,TestMethodD5580foraromatics,andTestMethodD5623forsulfurcompounds.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofindividualhydrocarboncomponentsofspark-ignitionenginefuelsandtheirmixturescontainingoxygenateblends(MTBE,ETBE,ethanol,andsoforth)withboilingrangesupto225176;C.Otherlightliquidhydrocarbonmixturestypicallyencounteredinpetroleumrefiningoperations,suchasblendingstocks(naphthas,reformates,alkylates,andsoforth)mayalsobeanalyzed;however,statisticaldatawasobtainedonlywithblendedspark-ignitionenginefuels.1.2Basedonthecooperativestudyresults,individualcomponentconcentrationsandprecisionaredeterminedintherangefrom0.01toapproximately30mass%.Thetestmethodmaybeapplicabletohigherandlowerconcentrationsfortheindividualcomponents;however,theusermustverifytheaccuracyifthetestmethodisusedforcomponentswithconcentrationsoutsidethespecifiedranges.1.3Thistestmethodalsodeterminesmethanol,ethanol,t-butanol,methylt-butylether(MTBE),ethylt-butylether(ETBE),andt-amylmethylether(TAME)insparkignitionenginefuelsintheconcentrationrangefrom1to30mass%.However,thecooperativestudydataprovidedinsufficientstatisticaldataforobtainingaprecisionstatementforthesecompounds.1.4Althoughamajorityoftheindividualhydrocarbonspresentaredetermined,someco-elutionofcompoundsisencountered.Ifthistestmethodisutilizedtoestimatebulkhydrocarbongroup-typecomposition(PONA),theuserofsuchdatashouldbecautionedthat......
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:75_160_20
【页数】:55P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Informationtechnology-InternationalstandardizedprofilesFVT2nn-Virtualterminalbasicclass;registerofcontrolobjecttypedefinitions-Part6:FVT219;statusmessagecontrolobject;EnglishversionENISP11185-6:1995
【原文标准名称】:信息技术.国际标准化轮廓FVT2nn.虚拟终端基本类.控制目标类型定义注册.第6部分:FVT219状态通知处理控制目标
【标准号】:DINENISP11185-6-1997
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1997-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:交换格式;虚拟终端;通信规程;信息交流;控制规程;信息交换;数据处理;网络互连;数据目标;标准界面;定义;信息技术;注册;状况电文
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:M11;L78
【国际标准分类号】:35_100_05
【页数】:15P;A4
【正文语种】:德语